Epistasis

These genetic interactions, termed epistasis, can impact all aspects of organisms and play ❋ Unknown (2010)

There is "epistasis," which means that some gene variants behave differently depending on what variants of other genes are present, but this changes the outcome little in practice. ❋ Matt Ridley (2010)

IC systems have components that exihibit this kind of epistasis, they exhibit numerous interdependencies. ❋ Unknown (2007)

Yet, at least at the individual level, nature's contribution cannot be quantified; too many parts of the equation, such as epistasis, or the process whereby one gene suppresses the expression of another, elude measurement. ❋ Unknown (1994)

Whitlock & Bourguet, Factors affecting the genetic load in Drosophila: synergistic epistasis and correlations among fitness components, Evolution 2000 ❋ Unknown (2009)

Nachman argues a "fix" is "synergistic epistasis", but I hope to show (with lots of help from Walter ReMine and others), this won't fix the problem. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Do you think that no real scientist has ever considered the effects of pleiotropy and epistasis? ❋ Unknown (2010)

Leaving aside the plain fact that "unselected" mutations regularly persist due to drift, epistasis, "hitchhiking" with selected mutations, etc., let's edit your sentence to make it accurate: "If Behe is right, then a double CCC will never happen ALL AT ONCE." ❋ Unknown (2008)

If you recall, the authors say that, when there is no epistasis, mutations to A have the same fitness effect for different genetic backgrounds (in your case, B). ❋ Unknown (2007)

In other words, C may not be able to evolve without disrupting these interdependencies with AB (reciprocal sign epistasis). ❋ Unknown (2007)

This last point is perhaps the most important: students need to understand the molecular basis of dominance and epistasis. ❋ Rosie Redfield (2009)

Considered as a “developmental invariant” in reproduction, solely obeying the Mendelian laws in its transmission from one generation to the next, the classical gene provided a kind of inertia principle against which the effects of both developmental (epistasis, inhibition, position effects etc.) and evolutionary factors (selection, mutation, isolation, recombination etc.) could be measured with utmost accuracy (Gayon 1995, 74). ❋ Rheinberger, Hans-Jörg (2009)

What I'm referring to is what this paper paper and the one you referenced calls "reciprocal sign epistasis". ❋ Unknown (2007)

The basic gist of what I'm saying is that IC systems create multiple peaks on a fitness landscape, and "The presence of multiple peaks indicates reciprocal sign epistasis, and may cause severe frustration of evolution". ❋ Unknown (2007)

Reciprocal sign epistasis can be intuitively understood for molecular interactions: mutating one binding partner will probably only benefit a new interaction if the other binding partner is mutated first, and vice versa. ❋ Unknown (2007)

Multiple peaks indicate a severe kind of sign epistasis, which we here term reciprocal sign epistasis. ❋ Unknown (2007)