Explants

By forming small wounds in "explants" of the stem cell tissue, scientists are able to stimulate large cell masses known as calluses, which contain the "unprogrammed" and undifferentiated cells of the plant. ❋ Inc. G.S. Cosmeceutical USA (2010)

When I cultured these blastocysts as explants in tissue culture, using a medium that had been honed for optimum cloning efficiency of both mouse and human EC cells, I immediately noted an outgrowth of EC-like cells. ❋ Unknown (2007)

Shoot tip explants from standing trees were treated with benzyl aminopurine, kinetin and casein hydrolysate to promote shoot proliferation. ❋ Unknown (1994)

Once the explants are established and axillary bud development enhanced, the cultures can be subcultured for many generations, resulting in increased shoot formation. ❋ Unknown (1992)

Through tissue culture, rattan explants can also be used. ❋ Unknown (1992)

The primary goals of the in vitro propagation of vegetable crops include production of large numbers of plantlets from species in which plant development from seed is difficult, clonal propagation of a large number of genetically identical plantlets, production of virus-free materials, crop improvement through various techniques of genetic modification, enhanced axillary branching using stem tips and lateral buds as the explants, an adventitious shoot formation. ❋ Unknown (1992)

The reports include information about confirmed malfunctions, total number of explants, and total number of devices used. ❋ Unknown (2011)

In addition to allowing regeneration of syncytiotrophoblast and investigating chronic regulation of apoptosis and autophagy, another reason for us to incubate villous explants and cytotrophoblastic cells under normoxia or HR for 48 hours before administration of vitamins C and E is to precondition the trophoblast cells with our experimental settings. ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

Using villous explants, concomitant administration of 50 µM of vitamins C and E was observed to reduce apoptotic and autophagic changes in the trophoblast layer at normoxia (8% oxygen) but to cause more prominent apoptosis and autophagy during HR. ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

Indeed, degeneration of the syncytiotrophoblast is noted in third-trimester explants after 8 hours of culture; however, a newly formed trophoblast layer is found by 48 hours ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

Using an antibody with a stronger reactivity to the type II form of LC3B to study the autophagic changes, a decrease in the level of LC3-II was noted in villous explants treated with vitamins C and E at 8% oxygen in comparison to the vehicle control. ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

After an overnight rest, the medium was changed, and villous explants were subjected to HR (8 hours at 2% oxygen, followed by 16 hours at 8% oxygen, two cycles) or kept at 8% oxygen throughout the experiment as the normoxic control. ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

Porcine cartilage explants were co-cultured with recombinant human IL-1beta and each tested substance for 3 days. ❋ Thanyaluck Phitak (2010)

In cartilage explants treated with IL-1beta, GlcN-S had the highest chondroprotective activity of all four chemicals as shown by the inhibition of HA, s-GAG and MMP-2 released from cartilage. ❋ Thanyaluck Phitak (2010)

Experimental approaches include whole animal models, in vitro cell culture, and ex vivo tissue explants. ❋ Unknown (2010)

The discrepancy may be caused by the differences in the experimental settings: we preconditioned villous explants and cytotrophoblastic cells to HR for 48 hours before administration of vitamins C and E, incubated the explants and cells at different oxygen concentrations for a longer period and used lower concentrations of vitamins C and E. ❋ Tai-Ho Hung Et Al. (2010)

"Before I explant, let me start off my chastising every [one of you]..." "Wow, [Bill's] explant was great! I mean, in between all [the curse] words was a real explanation of why the bosses are really screwing us over." "Done explanting?" ❋ Trip Nixon (2009)