Neume

In any case, using his editions allow any choir to put the language and neume issues on the shelf for a time, while still permitting the Gregorian melody to be sung. ❋ Unknown (2009)

Here, there are 19 syllables in Latin and only 15 in English, so you'll have to spread a few of the words out over some neume-groups. ❋ Bls (2009)

That one is used over and over again, and many other neume-types are created from it. ❋ Bls (2006)

In the course of two or three centuries these marks were added to and modified quite considerably, and the system of notation which thus grew up was called "neume notation," the word _neume_ ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

The elements of neume-writing as given by Riemann in his Dictionary of ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

Neume notation was used mostly in connection with the "plain-song melodies" of the Church, and since the words of these chants were sung as they would be pronounced in reading, the deficiency of the neume system in not expressing definite duration values was not felt. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

The clefs at the beginning of the staffs are of course simply altered forms of the letters F, C, and G, which were written at first by Guido and others to make the old neume notation more definite. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

Another writer [38] gives a somewhat different explanation, stating that the staff system with the use of clefs came about through writing a letter (C or F) in the margin of the manuscript and drawing a line from this letter to the neume which was to represent the tone for which this particular letter stood. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

Here then we observe the greatest weakness of the neume system -- its lack of uniformity and its consequent inability accurately to express musical ideas for universal interpretation. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

In the system of "musica mensurabilis" or _measured music_ which was inaugurated a little later, the _virga_ (which had meanwhile developed into a square-headed neume) was adopted as the ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

This indicated the precise melodic interval but did not give any idea of the rhythm, and the natural accents of the text were the only guide the singer had in this direction, as was the case in neume-notation and in early staff-notation also. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

Just how the transition from _neume_ to _staff_ notation was made no one knows: it was not done in a day nor in a year but was the result of a gradual process of evolution and improvement. ❋ Karl Wilson Gehrkens (1928)

By "barbarism" they especially meant that in the inherited Gregorian chant, neume groups with several notes, or even melismas, are oftentimes placed on an unaccented syllable, while the accented syllables are oftentimes treated with only a single note. ❋ Unknown (2008)