Can specialization, in the extreme be nonadaptive? ❋ Unknown (2009)
The remaining three evolutionary forces are nonadaptive in the sense that they are not a function of the fitness properties of individuals: mutation is the ultimate source of variation on which natural selection acts, recombination assorts variation within and among chromosomes, and genetic drift ensures that gene frequencies will deviate a bit from generation to generation independent of other forces. ❋ Unknown (2009)
A lot of his recent work has been on nonadaptive processes and genomic architecture, and it has led him down some interesting paths. ❋ Unknown (2007)
One of my favorite biologists, Michael Lynch, had a very interesting thing to say about the evolution of multicellularity recently: that it may have come about via nonadaptive means. ❋ Unknown (2007)
Seilacher then argues that most manifestations of the pattern are probably nonadaptive. ❋ Ray Girvan (2004)
Shtulman doesn't use the term 'vitalism' but transformationism as he characterizes it involves the following characteristics: 1. Variation: Individual differences are nonadaptive or maladaptive deviations from type. ❋ Unknown (2006)
This means that the presence of group selection or the effectiveness of group selection is to be measured by the existence of nonadaptive behavior on the part of individual organisms along with the presence of a corresponding group-level adaptation. ❋ Lloyd, Elisabeth (2005)
Wallace's hyperselectionism can be seen in his belief that every trait must have an adaptive purpose (owing to natural selection), a view that caused him to reject much of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, developed by Darwin to explain seemingly nonadaptive traits like the peacock's tail. ❋ Sulloway, Frank J. (2003)
Population genetics has worked out in theory, and validated in practice, an elegant, mathematical account of the large role that neutral, and therefore nonadaptive, changes play in the evolution of nucleotides, or individual units of DNA programs. ❋ Gould, Stephen Jay (1997)
Natural selection does not explain why many evolutionary transitions from one nucleotide to another are neutral, and therefore nonadaptive. ❋ Gould, Stephen Jay (1997)
The unfocused, slow-moving, nonadaptive organizations of yesteryear are not particularly effective at running or changing the business, let along doing both simultaneously. ❋ Derek F. Abell (1993)
They note that nonadaptive cultures are usually very bureaucratic. ❋ John P. Kotter (1992)
If calibration of the molecular clock uses nonadaptive evolutionary change as its basis, then how can they expect to draw adaptive meaning from the amount of that change? ❋ Lewontin, Richard C. (1983)
Despite the fact that mechanisms of nonadaptive evolution are firmly entrenched as part of modern evolutionary explanation and are discussed at some length in Futuyma's book, they are dismissed by Ruse as only "background noise against the main evolutionary tune." ❋ Lewontin, Richard C. (1983)
The evidence comes from a form of nonadaptive evolution that has turned out to be one of the most powerful tools biologists have in reconstructing ancestry. ❋ Lewontin, Richard C. (1983)
Lamarckism, geographic isolation, and nonadaptive evolution (see Provine 1986, chap. 7). ❋ Scordova (2010)
