Spallation

Deuterium would be annihilated requiring the present abundance to have been produced at some later stage, such as spallation in shocks around the hypernovae of PopIII stars. ❋ Sean (2007)

Properly dispersed in the mesosphere, 1,000 pounds of Carbon Deoxidizer is enough to remove approximately two billion tons of carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere before the Carbon Deoxidizer molecules are themselves destroyed by cosmic ray spallation. ❋ Unknown (2010)

I didn't miss your comment on spallation, I ignored it. ❋ Unknown (2010)

I.e. spallation being stated as fusion-based nucleosynthesis, when it is clearly not. ❋ Unknown (2010)

Surely you would have done something on spallation in C13/C14 production and in the basics of atomic-level structures in both nuclear or physical chemistry. ❋ Unknown (2010)

He actually believes that ALL nucleosynthesis (fusion and spallation) occurs in flares and the magnetic / electric fields either on the photosphere, below the surface of the photosphere, and in flares. (just ask and see the responses of his EU/PC mates sorley (avatared sometimes as Tim Erney) and Anaconda.) ❋ Unknown (2010)

The capability of high-current, high-energy accelerators to produce neutrons by spallation from heavy elements has been used in the structural research of such materials. ❋ Unknown (2009)

A 1000 MeV beam will create 20-30 spallation neutrons per proton. ❋ Unknown (2009)

In this, up to ten percent of the neutrons could come from the spallation, though it would normally be less, even where actinide incineration is the main objective. ❋ Unknown (2009)

In such a subcritical nuclear reactor, the neutrons produced by spallation would be used to cause fission in the fuel, assisted by further neutrons arising from that fission. ❋ Unknown (2009)

In an Accelerator Driven System (ADS), high-energy neutrons are produced through the spallation reaction of high-energy protons from an accelerator striking heavy target nuclei (lead, lead-bismuth or other material). ❋ Unknown (2009)

If the spallation target is surrounded by a blanket assembly of nuclear fuel, such as fissile isotopes of uranium or plutonium (or thorium capable of breeding uranium-233), there is a possibility of sustaining a fission reaction. ❋ Unknown (2009)

However, along with fission products, the process generates spallation products from the target material, in direct proportion to the energy of the proton beam. ❋ Unknown (2009)

In spallation, a high-energy proton bombards a heavy atomic nucleus, causing it to become excited, and 20 to 30 neutrons are expelled. ❋ Unknown (2009)

A high-energy proton beam hitting a heavy metal target produces neutrons by spallation. ❋ Unknown (2009)

If you really want a big flux of high energy neutrons, failing some major breakthrough in fusion technology, you want a "spallation source." ❋ James Killus (2008)

Thus, a spallation source plus a sub-critical fast reactor can be a copious source of fast neutrons. ❋ James Killus (2008)

One reactor design is to use a "subcritical" fast reactor and drive it to power production via a spallation beam. ❋ James Killus (2008)

The Oak Ridge facility uses mercury as the spallation target, with the indication that liquid targets are more robust to the sort of shocks that a pulsed accelerator beam produces. ❋ James Killus (2008)