C. Opioid receptor labeling in the brain stem of fetuses 19-21 weeks gestation - demonstrated very high densities in supraspinal centers associated with sensory perception [Kinney et al, 1990]. ❋ Unknown (1998)
It arises by a thin aponeurosis from the spinous processes of the lower two thoracic and upper two or three lumbar vertebræ, and from the supraspinal ligament. ❋ Unknown (1918)
It arises from the external occipital protuberance and the medial third of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, from the ligamentum nuchæ, the spinous process of the seventh cervical, and the spinous processes of all the thoracic vertebræ, and from the corresponding portion of the supraspinal ligament. ❋ Unknown (1918)
The posterior layer is attached to the spinous processes of the lumbar and sacral vertebræ and to the supraspinal ligament; the anterior layer is attached, medially, to the tips of the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebræ and to the intertransverse ligaments, below, to the iliolumbar ligament, and above, to the lumbocostal ligament. ❋ Unknown (1918)
The ligamentum nuchæ is a fibrous membrane, which, in the neck, represents the supraspinal ligaments of the lower vertebræ. ❋ Unknown (1918)
It arises by tendinous fibers from the spinous processes of the lower six thoracic vertebræ and from the posterior layer of the lumbodorsal fascia (see page 397), by which it is attached to the spines of the lumbar and sacral vertebræ, to the supraspinal ligament, and to the posterior part of the crest of the ilium. ❋ Unknown (1918)
They meet the ligamenta flava in front and the supraspinal ligament behind. ❋ Unknown (1918)
The supraspinal ligament is a strong fibrous cord, which connects together the apices of the spinous processes from the seventh cervical vertebra to the sacrum; at the points of attachment to the tips of the spinous processes fibrocartilage is developed in the ligament. ❋ Unknown (1918)
The Sacrospinalis arises from the anterior surface of a broad and thick tendon, which is attached to the medial crest of the sacrum, to the spinous processes of the lumbar and the eleventh and twelfth thoracic vertebræ, and the supraspinal ligament, to the back part of the inner lip of the iliac crests and to the lateral crests of the sacrum, where it blends with the sacrotuberous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments. ❋ Unknown (1918)
The Rhomboideus major (Fig. 409) arises by tendinous fibers from the spinous processes of the second, third, fourth, and fifth thoracic vertebræ and the supraspinal ligament, and is inserted into a narrow tendinous arch, attached above to the lower part of the triangular surface at the root of the spine of the scapula; below to the inferior angle, the arch being connected to the vertebral border by a thin membrane. ❋ Unknown (1918)
It arises by a thin and broad aponeurosis from the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and upper two or three thoracic vertebræ and from the supraspinal ligament. ❋ Unknown (1918)
In flexion, or movement forward, the anterior longitudinal ligament is relaxed, and the intervertebral fibrocartilages are compressed in front; while the posterior longitudinal ligament, the ligamenta flava, and the inter - and supraspinal ligaments are stretched, as well as the posterior fibers of the intervertebral fibrocartilages. ❋ Unknown (1918)
Reduced levels of endogenous NE and 5-HT activity at both spinal and supraspinal levels are believed to contribute substantially to chronic pain. ❋ Unknown (2010)
The influence of the activation of CB1Rs on supraspinal analgesia evoked by morphine was also evaluated. ❋ Unknown (2009)
Neural specific Gz proteins are essential mediators of the analgesic effects of supraspinal CB1R agonists and morphine. ❋ Unknown (2009)
ASR is modulated by several neurotransmitters and second messengers at supraspinal and spinal levels. ❋ Neil Brick (2009)
Result from central nervous injuries which impair the normal spinal and supraspinal inhibition of segmental spinal reflexes ❋ JKawiecki (2009)
Beattie MS, Bresnahan JC (2001) Degeneration and sprouting of identified descending supraspinal axons after contusive spinal cord injury in the rat. ❋ Mitra J. Hooshmand Et Al. (2009)
These effects are mediated by cannabinoids binding to peripheral, spinal and supraspinal CB1 and CB2 receptors, making it difficult to determine the relevance of each receptor type to these phenomena. ❋ Unknown (2009)
We have analyzed the production of supraspinal analgesia and the development of tolerance at CB1Rs by the direct injection of a series of cannabinoids into the brain. ❋ Unknown (2009)
