Toquis

The particular toquis regulate the contingencies of the Apo-ulmens; and these last apportion these among the several Ulmens of their provinces. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

This assembly is usually held in some large plain, on the summons of the toquis; and on such occasions, like the ancient ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

Lincopichion came there likewise at the time appointed, accompanied by the four hereditary toquis of the Araucanians, and a great number of ulmens and other natives. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

Being so far agreed, and as the consent of the four toquis of the uthalmapus was requisite to ratify the treaty, Ancanamon proposed to seek for them in person, and to bring them to the Spanish camp. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

Lasso, the successive toquis of the Araucanians continued the war with more rashness than skill; none of them, like Antiguenu and Paillamachu, having sufficient judgment to repair the losses sustained by the nation, and to counterbalance the power and arms of the Spaniards by skill and conduct. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

The toquis have in course the first claim to this high dignity, as being the hereditary generals and stadtholders of the republic; yet, disregarding all respect for superior rank, the council often entrusts this supreme power to the most deserving of the Ulmens, or even to an officer of an inferior class, considering only on this occasion the talents that are deemed necessary for command. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

The four _toquis_ are independent of each other, but are confederated for the public welfare. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

On his elevation to office, the generalissimo of the republic assumes the title of _toqui_, and the stone hatchet in token of supreme command; on which the four hereditary toquis lay aside theirs, as it is not permitted them to carry this ensign of authority during the continuance of the dictator in office, to whom all the toquis apo-ulmens and ulmens take the oath of obedience. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

It has always happened since the arrival of the Spaniards in Chili, that the supreme toquis have been elected from among the natives of the provinces of Arauco, Tucapel, Encol, or Puren; but I know not whether this may be owing to some ancient law or agreement, or to some superstitious notion. ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)

_toquis_; and the _ulmens_ of the _regues_ are dependent on the ❋ Robert Kerr (1784)